Which description best defines an essential job function?

• A. Casual tasks not part of core job
• B. Benefits program for disabled employees
• C. Work schedule flexibility only
• D. Primary duties of a person (for example, ramp, touch screen computer, closed captions)

Answer: (D)

Essential job function means the fundamental duties a job requires—the main tasks that define what the role is for and must be performed to meet its purpose. The description that highlights the primary duties of a person—such as operating a ramp, using a touch screen computer, and providing closed captions—captures this idea because it points to the core activities that the job is built around. These are not optional or peripheral chores; they are the essential responsibilities that the role hinges on. In contrast, casual tasks that aren’t part of the core job, a benefits program, or just scheduling flexibility describe aspects that aren’t about the essential tasks the employee must perform. Therefore, focusing on the primary duties best defines an essential job function.